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Allied Victory Medals from the Great War

  • It was resolved that each of the Allied and Associated nations should issue a "Victory Medal" to their own nationals to prevent a mass exchange of commemorative awards between the nations. 
  • It was further resolved that all the issues would have as a common feature the figure of Victory upon the obverse. 

<< Photo (Portugal obverse) courtesy of  Les Turner

All were to share a common "double rainbow" ribbon. 

  • The ribbon to the World War I Victory Medal consists of a double rainbow, with the red joining in the center. 
  • The ribbon is edged with very narrow stripes of white. 
  • The rainbows were selected to represent a "new era" and the calm after a storm (alluding to the First World War). It also represents the combined colors of the Allies joined together in a common cause. 
  • The two rainbows also represent the two groupings of nations, Allied and Associated, meeting the heraldic colour for conflict and bravery. 
  • The use of the double rainbow also provides symmetry and balance and avoids having the ribbon confused with that of the British 1914 Star (which, although not a rainbow, is similar).
  • The issue of the Victory Medal was optional and in the event the following 14 countries (from a possible 16) issued medals: 

    • Great Britain, Belgium, Brazil, Cuba, Czechoslovakia (Serbia), France, Greece, Italy, Japan, Portugal, Romania, Thailand (Siam), Union of South Africa and United States of America.  

      • China & Montenegro did not issue a medal. 

      • Poland issued an "unofficial" version

  See Rules

  • This is the British Empire version of the Inter Allied Victory Medal. It was issued to troops from Australia, Canada, India, New Zealand and the UK.
Reverse
Belgium obverse & reverse Czechoslovakia (Serbia) 
 France obverse & reverse Greece obverse & reverse
South Africa obverse & reverse Italy obverse & reverse
Click to enlarge

 US of America obverse & reverse

Japan obverse

Japan reverse

Notes on the Japanese Victory Medal. As the Winged Victory, who should be on the obverse, has no meaning in Japanese culture, a figure of "Take-Mikazuchi-no-Kami", a son of the ancient god Izanagi who defeated his brothers to conquer Japan,  was chosen. The reverse shows, within the outline of a cherry blossom, a globe with the flags of Japan, US, Britain, Italy and France, with characters below for "and the other allied and united nations". Around the edge there are the characters for "Great War  for Protection of Civilization, Taisho 3rd year to Taisho 9th year".

 

 Click to enlarge Cuba obverse & reverse

Romania obverse & reverse Click to enlarge

Thailand obverse

Thailand obverse

Thailand reverse

Thailand (Siam) did not use Winged Victory either. They substituted the image of a local God.

Thailand (Siam) photos courtesy of Francesco Saverio Sesti

Click to enlarge

Portugal obverse and reverse Photo courtesy of Francesco Saverio Sesti 

Brazil Victory Medal. photo courtesy Kevin A. Ryan

  • 1918 WWI Rare Polish Victory Medal.

    •   Extremely rare medal. 

  • For background on this medal we quote from an extensive article written by M.B. Kozlowski entitled The Forgotten Story of The Missing Polish Victory Medal for Historical Collectibles, Fall Edition.

 

Polish obverse & reverse (see notes)

The issuing of this medal was authorized by the Inter-allied Commission in Warsaw for Poles who fought on the side of the Allies during WWI under the Authority of the Supreme War Council. For reasons still not known Poland did not proceed with the manufacture of the medal at their mint. The medal shows a clearly visible “MK” ( Mint Kremnica). The medal may possibly be an unofficial strike by a veteran’s group.

Polish WWI Victory Medal 'Small Eagle' Variety. The obverse is maker marked by 'VLAITOV' on rim edge at 7 o'clock , and 'MK' for Mint Kremica. The reverse has the Polish Eagle, also see the 'RP' variety. This medal was evidently proposed after WWI and 3 varieties were produced in limited numbers in at the Czech Mint but never issued or mass produced and these pieces remained in storage until being discovered about 15 years ago.

The "large eagle" version has a slightly larger representation of the "eagle" and the "crown" of the eagle separates the 1914 and the 1918 whereas in the "small eagle" version there is a dash between them.
Polish WWI Victory Medal 'RP' Variety. The obverse is maker marked by 'VLAITOV' on rim edge at 7 o'clock , and 'MK' for Mint Kremica. The reverse has the initials 'RP' for Republic Poland, also see the 'Small Eagle' variety. This medal was evidently proposed after WWI and 3 varieties were produced in limited numbers in at the Czech Mint but never issued or mass produced and these pieces remained in storage until being discovered about 15 years ago.

               British War Medal  ribbon Original Victory Ribbon

Image from Brian & June Foster

Thank you for your email enquiry to the Research Centre of the Australian War Memorial. Please find below Military Heraldry's answer to the enquiry regarding this ribbon,

"This ribbon is seldom seen, but in fact represents the earliest approved design for what was to become the Victory Medal.  As you possibly know, the ribbon on the left is that of the British War Medal 1914-1920, and the eventual design adopted for the Victory Medal on the right was of the colours of the rainbow.  The earlier design, which was proposed in 1918, comprises the national colours of the victorious Allies.  It is some time since I examined an original piece of this ribbon, but my recollection is that the colours were intended to be those of: Great Britain, (or France, or the US) Portugal, Romania, France, (or the US, or Great Britain) Belgium, Italy and the US (or Great Britain, or France!)  Possibly the colours of Japan and Russia are also present, or intended to be present.

Evidently this design was approved, and manufactured in large quantity, before the decision to change to the familiar rainbow was made in 1919 or 1920.  Certainly large numbers were issued, but as
ribbon only.  I have never seen an example of a Victory Medal mounted on the early ribbon, and in fact at the time the ribbon was produced, no design for the medal itself had been made.

Virtually every example of this ribbon which I have seen (and they are usually mounted, like yours, with a piece of British War Medal ribbon) turns out to have been worn during the Victory Parade in London in 1919, at which a large number of Australians marched.  It appears that, in the absence of medals (which, it had already been decided, were to be awarded for service in the war) these ribbons were produced and mounted for distribution to those marching in the parade. 

In essence, your ribbon is an uncommon survivor of a proposed design which was later superceded."

Victory Medal Certificates

  • The Inter-allied Victory Medal Certificate from France.

  • Some countries, but not all, sent a paper certificate with the medal of their country.

  • Shown here are the Certificates of France, Belgium and Romania.

If you know of any others and are willing to share an image please Email it to me.

The Inter-allied Victory Medal Certificate from Belgium

The Inter-allied Victory Medal Certificate from Romania

The official medal struck in silver to commemorate the Armistice anniversary and the building of the Cenotaph in London. Art Deco style medal on the Armistice anniversary in 1928. 

Chinese WWI Victory Commemorative Medal of 1918.

Reverse seal characters means, Republic of China, 7th year November 20th, awarded by Hsu Shih Chang, President of the Chinese Republic. Hsu Shih Chang, elected President of the Chinese Republic, September 4, 1918.

This medal was NOT part of the Inter-allied Victory medal collection, but is relevant in that context.

Strange French Victory Medal combo. with certificate.

Click to enlarge
  • The Official Type issued to all veterans.  This is the common (uniface) most often seen.  It has the name of the designer, "A. Morton" on the obverse and a Paris Mint mark on the Reverse with knob suspension
  • Unofficial Type 2 - Has a unique obverse and the name of the designer, "L.O. Mattei" on the reverse.  The word Bronze is impressed on the edge.  The suspension is the Ball Type.
  • Unofficial Type 1 - has a unique French reverse but has the Cuban Victory medal design and the name of the designer "C. Charles" on the obverse.  The suspension is the Ball type.
  • Interallied Victory Medal Certificate - An official Interallied Victory medal Certificate awarded to Sergent Thouvenin from the 33 Regiment De Tirailleurs Algeriens.  The size of the certificate is 8¼" x 12½" 
 

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